Dengue fever, known in Indonesian as Demam Berdarah Dengue or DBD, does not only affect children but also adults. The disease is caused by the dengue virus and is related to the virus behind another infection called
WEST Nile, which is commonly known as yellow fever. Dengue fever is spread through the bite of a mosquito that has been infected with the dengue virus. Treatment is sometimes delayed, and this can lead to death because the symptoms are not recognized. To get treatment sooner, here are several DBD symptoms that are important to watch out for:
Fever
The first symptom to watch for is fever. Many people misunderstand fever, treating it as a disease in itself. When the fever goes down, many are caught off guard and believe they have recovered, even though the illness has moved into a more serious stage. The key point is that fever is not a disease but a symptom of an illness, so it will not go away unless its cause is eliminated.
What is especially important to know about DBD is that the fever follows a saddle-back (pelana kuda) pattern. The fever rises above 40 degrees, then drops, but this does not mean the DBD has gone away. In fact, when the fever drops, the patient enters a critical phase. Do not wait until a patient reaches this phase before they receive treatment. If the patient gets through the critical period, they can move into the recovery phase, in which DBD sufferers can return to normal activities. To determine whether the fever is caused by DBD, a blood test is done. If platelets are far below the normal range, this is a sign the patient has DBD.
Red Spots
When the fever is high, patients with dengue fever will develop red rashes on the skin. The rash is caused by the virus spreading into the blood vessels. However, not all patients will experience this symptom.
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Headache and Muscle Pain
Another DBD symptom to watch out for is headache and muscle pain. The headache is felt from the forehead to the area behind the eyes. Infected muscles feel sore and painful, making it difficult to walk.
Nausea and Vomiting
DBD can also cause sufferers to feel nauseous and vomit. This is caused by discomfort in the stomach, so food that is eaten is vomited back up. This is why DBD patients lose their appetite. Nausea and vomiting in DBD patients are caused by the virus infecting the digestive tract, which causes discomfort. DBD is not the only cause, as a person with a bacterial infection can experience the same thing.
Bleeding
The name Demam Berdarah Dengue, or dengue hemorrhagic fever, comes from the fact that DBD causes bleeding. This symptom appears when the disease has reached a serious stage. Common bleeding includes nosebleeds and bleeding gums. Complications of bleeding caused by DBD include damage to the lymph nodes, enlargement of the liver, and many others.
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